Speeches

William Poole was president and CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis from 1998 - 2008. The speeches he gave while president of the St. Louis Bank are archived here.

2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 | 1998

2008

Financial Innovation: Engine of Growth or Source of Instability? — University of Illinois-Springfield, Springfield, Ill., March 6, 2008 (PDF version)

Panel Discussion on Balancing Financial Stability, Price Stability and Macroeconomic Stability: How Important Is Moral Hazard? — U.S. Monetary Policy Forum, New York, Feb. 29, 2008 (PDF version)

Inflation Dynamics — Truman State University, Kirksville, Mo., Feb. 20, 2008 (PDF version)

Reflections — The St. Louis Gateway Chapter of the National Association for Business Economics, St. Louis, Feb. 11, 2008 (PDF version)

Dollars and Sense — Financial Planning Association of Missouri and Southern Illinois, St. Louis, Jan. 9, 2008 (PDF version)

2007

Market Bailouts and the "Fed Put" — Cato Institute, Washington, D.C., Nov. 30, 2007 (PDF version)

Market Healing — Marquette University, Milwaukee, Nov. 7, 2007 (PDF version)

Real Estate in the U.S. Economy — Industrial Asset Management Council Convention, St. Louis, Oct. 9, 2007 (PDF version)

Thinking Like a Central Banker — Market News International, New York, Sept. 28, 2007 (PDF version)

Jobs and Trade — European Economics & Financial Centre Conference, London, Sept. 6, 2007 (PDF version)

Protecting Exports — Session on Regional Economic Trends, Southern Governors’ Association Meeting, Biloxi, Miss., Aug. 25, 2007 (PDF version)

U.S. Export Opportunities — Arkansas Minority Business Development Roundtable, Little Rock, Ark., Aug. 17, 2007 (PDF version)

Milton and Money Stock Control — Milton Friedman Luncheon, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Mo., July 31, 2007 (PDF version)

Greece and the Euro — Global Interdependence Center, Annual Black Tie Gala in Celebration of Greece, Philadelphia, Penn., July 25, 2007 (PDF version)

Energy and the U.S. Macro Economy — Wilmington Club, Wilmington, Del., July 24, 2007 (PDF version)

Reputation and the Non-Prime Mortgage Market — St. Louis Association of Real Estate Professionals, St. Louis, July 20, 2007 (PDF version)

Changing World Demographics and Trade Imbalances — The American European Community Association, Brussels, Belgium, April 16, 2007 (PDF version)

Understanding Inflation — New York Chapter, National Association for Business Economics (NABE), New York, April 2, 2007 (PDF version)

Inflation, Financial Stability and Economic Growth — Global Interdependence Center (GIC) Abroad in Chile Conference, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile, March 5, 2007 (PDF version)

Energy Prices and the U.S. Business Cycle — Global Interdependence Center Abroad in Chile Conference, American Chamber of Commerce in Chile Breakfast, Santiago, Chile, March 2, 2007 (PDF version)

U.S. Saving — CFA Society of Nebraska, Omaha, Neb., Feb. 15, 2007 (PDF version)

State of the U.S. Economy — AAIM Management Association, St. Louis, Feb. 9, 2007 (PDF version)

The GSEs: Where Do We Stand? — Chartered Financial Analysts of St. Louis, St. Louis, Jan. 17, 2007 (PDF version)

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2006

Responding to Financial Crises: What Role for the Fed? — Panel Discussion, Cato Institute, 24th Annual Monetary Conference, Washington, D.C., Nov. 16, 2006 (PDF version)

U.S. Labor Input in Coming Years — Chartered Financial Analysts Society of Philadelphia, Wilmington, Del., Nov. 14, 2006 (PDF version)

Data, Data and Yet More Data — The Association for University Business and Economic Research Annual Meeting, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tenn., Oct. 16, 2006 (PDF version)

Data Dependence — Middle Tennessee State University, Annual Economic Outlook Conference, Murfreesboro, Tenn., Sept. 29, 2006 (PDF version)

The Monetary Policy Model — National Association of Business Economics Annual Meeting, Boston, Sept. 11, 2006 (PDF version)

Understanding the Fed — Dyer County Chamber of Commerce Annual Membership Luncheon, Dyersburg, Tenn., Aug. 31, 2006 (PDF version)

Chinese Growth: A Source of U.S. Export Opportunities — Fiscal Affairs & Government Operations Committee, The Council of State Governments’ Southern Legislative Conference, Louisville, Ky., July 31, 2006 (PDF version)

The Role of Anecdotal Information in Monetary Policy — The Bank of Korea International Conference on Monetary Policy in an Environment of Low Inflation, Seoul, Korea, June 16, 2006 (PDF version)

Inversion — Global Interdependence Center Central Bank Series, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, May 18, 2006 (PDF version)

The Role of Federal Reserve Banks in the Federal Reserve System — Annual Global Student Investment Forum - R.I.S.E. VI (Redefining Investment Strategy Education), University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, March 30, 2006 (PDF version)

Recent Developments in Housing Markets: A National and Local Perspective — St. Louis, March 8, 2006 (PDF version)

Fed Communications — St. Louis Forum, St. Louis, Feb. 24, 2006 (PDF version)

Inflation Targeting — Junior Achievement of Arkansas Inc., Little Rock, Ark., Feb. 16, 2006 (PDF version)

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2005

Communicating the Fed's Policy Stance — HM Treasury/GES Conference, London, Nov. 30, 2005 (PDF version)

Inflation Tracking — Kentucky State University, Frankfort, Ky., Nov. 17, 2005

How Dangerous Is the U.S. Current Account Deficit? — Lindenwood University, St. Charles, Mo., Nov. 9, 2005

The Fed's Monetary Policy Rule — Cato Institute, Washington, D.C., Oct. 14, 2005

How Predictable Is Fed Policy? — University of Washington, Seattle, Oct. 4, 2005

Remarks: Panel on "After Greenspan: Whither Fed Policy?" — Western Economic Association International Conference (WEAI), San Francisco, July 6, 2005

Understanding the Term Structure of Interest Rates — Money Marketeers, New York, June 14, 2005

The Economic Outlook — AAIM Management Association, St. Louis, May 11, 2005

Staying Out of the Way of Entrepreneurs — Conference on Striking the Right Notes on Entrepreneurship, Memphis, Tenn., April 19, 2005

Improving Productivity in Higher Education — Webster University, St. Louis, April 7, 2005

How Should the Fed Communicate? — “The Future of the Federal Reserve”, Center for Economic Policy Studies (CEPS), Princeton University, Princeton , N.J., April 02, 2005

A Perspective on the Graying Population and Current Account Balances — Global Economic Outlook (GEO) Conference, West Palm Beach, Fla., March. 8, 2005

Demographic Challenges to State Pension Systems Around the World — Culver-Stockton College, Feb. 24, 2005

The Outlook: Mississippi and the Nation — Northeast Mississippi Economic Forecast Conference, Jan. 20, 2005

GSE Risks — The St. Louis Society of Financial Analysts, St. Louis, Jan. 13, 2005

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2004

Maintaining Financial Stability: A Central Banker's Perspective — Czech Economic Association Conference, Nov. 27, 2004

Social Security Reform and Demographic Reality — Delta State University, Cleveland, Miss., Oct. 19, 2004

Safeguarding Good Policy Practice — Reflections on Monetary Policy: 25 Years After October 1979—A Conference held at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, St. Louis, Oct. 8, 2004

FOMC Transparency — Ozark Chapter of the Society of Financial Service Professionals, Springfield, Oct. 6, 2004

World Population Trends and Challenges — Lincoln University, Jefferson City, Mo., Oct. 4, 2004

Panel Discussion on Challenges for U.S. Businesses — Growing Global Program with the World Trade Center St. Louis, St. Louis, Sept. 10, 2004

Free Trade: Why are Economists and Noneconomists So Far Apart? — Globalization and Outsourcing Conference, Reuters America Inc., New York, June 15, 2004

Panel on Government Sponsored Enterprises — Remarks before 40th Annual Conference on Bank Structure & Competition, Fairmont Hotel, Chicago, May 6, 2004

Inflation Signals and Inflation Noise — Address before the University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Peabody Hotel, Little Rock, Ark., April 6, 2004

Allowing Entrepreneurship — Address before the Evansville Rotary Club, Evansville, Ind., March. 30, 2004

Trade, Wages and Employment — Address before the LeMoyne-Owen College, Memphis, Tenn., March. 25, 2004

Best Guesses and Surprises — Address before the Charlotte Economics Club, Charlotte, N.C., Feb. 25, 2004

State of the U.S. Economy — Address before AAIM Management Association, St. Louis, Feb. 20, 2004

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2003

A Monetary Policymaker's Perspective — Address and panel discussion before the Cato Institute Book Forum Celebrating the 40th Anniversary of the Publication of A Monetary History of the United States, 1867-1960 (Princeton University Press, 1963) by Milton Friedman and Anna J. Schwartz, Cato Institute, Washington, D.C.

A Perspective on U.S. International Trade — Address before Louisville Society of Financial Analysts, Louisville, Ky., Nov. 19, 2003

A Perspective on U.S. International Capital Flows — Address before the Tucson Chapter of the Association for Investment Management Research (AIMR), Tuscon, Ariz., Nov. 14, 2003

Economic Growth and the Real Rate of Interest — Address before Bryant College, Providence, R.I., Oct. 14, 2003

The Role for Self-Regulation and Voluntary Compliance Incentives in the Design of Pension Systems — Address before the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, Conference on Pension Reform in Russia: From Legislation to Implementation, Moscow, Sept. 25, 2003

Prospects and Risks in the Bond Market — Dinner address before the St. Louis Financial Analysts Society, Sept. 4, 2003

Fed Transparency: How, Not Whether — Luncheon address before the Global Interdependence Center, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, Aug. 21, 2003

The Labor Market and Economic Growth — 2003 Washington Legislative Update Conference, International Foundation of Employee Benefit Plans, Washington, D.C., May 19, 2003

The Fed's Role in Maintaining Financial Stability — University of Central Arkansas in Conway, Conway, Ark., April 24, 2003

Shocks and More Shocks — Thirteenth Annual Hyman P. Minsky Conference on the State of the U.S. and World Economies Session on Monetary Policy and the U.S. and World Economies — The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, Hilton New York, New York City, April 15, 2003

The Labor Market and Economic Growth — Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, Third Annual Rutman Lecture, Edwardsville, Ill., April 10, 2003

Housing in the Economy — Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight Symposium, Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center, Washington, D.C., March 10, 2003

Booms, Recessions and the Economically Disadvantaged — School of Business & Management, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff — March 5, 2003

Whither Investment? — Missouri Valley Economics Association, St. Louis— Feb. 28, 2003

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2002

Growth Prospects for the U.S. Economy — Address before AAIM Management Association, St. Louis— Dec. 20, 2002

Institutions for Stable Prices: How to Design an Optimal Central Bank Law — First Conference of the Monetary Stability Foundation at the Regional Office of Deutsche Bundesbank, Frankfurt, Germany — Dec. 5, 2002

From Professor to Policymaker: Emerging from the Shadow — Washington University's Olin School of Business, St. Louis — Nov. 15, 2002

The Fed's Role in Community Development — Rays of Hope: A New Day for America's Distressed Urban Areas Conference, East St. Louis, Ill.— Oct. 22-23, 2002

Taking Stock: the State of the Business Recovery — Midwestern States Association of Tax Administrators Conference, St. Louis— Aug. 26, 2002

Financial Stability — The Council of State Governments Southern Legislative Conference Annual Meeting, New Orleans, La. — Aug. 4, 2002

Fed Policy to the Bond Yield — Midwest Region of the National Association of State Treasurers, Missouri History Museum, St. Louis — July 12, 2002

As Easy as PIE: Productivity, Innovation and Education — Annual Technology Transfer Showcase for the University of Missouri System, St. Louis — April 25, 2002

Inflation, Recession and Fed Policy — Midwest Economic Education Conference, St. Louis — April 11, 2002

Dynamics of the Recession and the Recovery — Lambuth University, Jackson, Tenn. — April 4, 2002

The Role of Finance in the Investment Bust of 2001 — Annual Southwestern Finance Association Meeting, Adams Mark Hotel, St. Louis — March 8, 2002

Eulogy—Darryl R. Francis, 1912-2002 — Ft. Smith, Ark. — Feb. 12, 2002

The Role of Anecdotal Information in Fed Policymaking — Century Club Breakfast, Olin School of Business, Washington University, St. Louis — Feb. 13, 2002

Flation — International Mass Retail Association (IMRA), Scottsdale, Ariz. — Jan. 21, 2002

What Is Happening in the U.S. Economy? — AAIM Management Association, St. Louis — Jan. 11, 2002

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2001

Central Bank Transparency: Why and How? — The Philadelphia Fed Policy Forum, Philadelphia — Nov. 30, 2001

Financial System Robustness — Financial Executives International, St. Louis — Nov. 27, 2001

Market Responses to Economic Stress — Little Rock Downtown Rotary Club, Little Rock — Nov. 20, 2001

The Role of Government in U.S. Capital Markets — The Institute of Governmental Affairs, University of California, Davis, Calif. — Oct. 18, 2001

Our Economic Prospects: One Economist's Perspective — Risk Management Association, Evansville, Ind. — Sept. 20, 2001

The Role of Monetary Policy in the Current Macroeconomic Environment — National Association For Business Economics 43rd Annual Meeting, New York City — Sept. 10, 2001

What Role for Asset Prices in U.S. Monetary Policy? — Bradley University, Peoria, Ill. — Sept. 5, 2001

Getting Markets in Synch with Monetary Policy — First Annual Missouri Economics Conference, University of Missouri-Columbia — May 4, 2001 (34 Kb)

Does the United States Have a Current Account Deficit Disorder? — Business and Community Leaders Luncheon, The Lannom Center, Dyersburg, Tenn. — April 10, 2001

The Euro—Engine for Prosperity — European Banking & Financial Forum 2001, Czech National Bank Congress Center, Prague — March 27, 2001

Economic Forecasts and Monetary Policy — Arkansas Business and Economic Society and The Central Arkansas Chapter of the Risk Management Association, Little Rock —Feb. 15, 2001

Coping with Monetary Policy Risks — Risk Management Association, Memphis — Jan. 18, 2001

Monetary Policy in Uncertain Times — Missouri Bankers Association Senior Bank Management Conference, Acapulco, Mexico — Jan. 15, 2001

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2000

How Well Do the Markets Understand Fed Policy? — Center for Financial Studies, Frankfurt, Germany — Nov. 30, 2000

Expectations — 22nd Henry Thornton Lecture, City University Business School, London, England —Nov. 28, 2000

Confidence and Central Banking — Fain Lecture in Celebration of George Borts' 50th Year as Professor of Economics at Brown University, Brown University, Providence, R.I. — Oct. 14, 2000

Monetary Aggregates and Monetary Policy in the 21st Century — Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, Boston — Oct. 11, 2000

The Critical Role of Economic Education in the Conduct of Monetary Policy — Hawaii Council on Economic Education Annual Meeting, Honolulu — April 25, 2000

Perspectives on Productivity — Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Ill. — April 7, 2000

Great Monetary Myths — St. Louis University, St. Louis — Feb. 24, 2000

The Impact of Monetary Policy on Agriculture — ASU Convocation Center, Jonesboro, Ark. — Feb. 16, 2000

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1999

The International Connection: The Asian Crisis And U.S. Economic Activity — Noonday Club Meeting, St. Louis — Dec. 2, 1999

Communicating the Stance of Monetary Policy — University of Missouri-Columbia — Nov. 4, 1999

Productivity Puzzles — University of Tennessee, Martin, Tenn. — Oct. 26, 1999

Prosperity: Just How Good Has It Been for the Labor Market? — Missouri State Treasurer, Missouri Municipal League, GFOA of Missouri, Missouri School Board Association, Missouri County Treasurers Association, Jefferson City, Mo. — Sept. 27, 1999

Are Real Interest Rates Too High? — Money Marketeers of New York University, New York City — Sept. 21, 1999

Synching, Not Sinking, the Markets —Meeting of the Philadelphia Council for Business Economics, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, Philadelphia — Aug. 6, 1999 [See William Poole and Robert H. Rasche, "Perfecting the Market's Knowledge of Monetary Policy," Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Working Paper 2000-010A]

Inflation Hawk = Employment Dove — Remarks before the Center for the Study of American Business, Washington University, St. Louis — July 29, 1999

The Federal Reserve as a Democratic Institution — The Hutchinson Lecture, University of Delaware, Newark, Del. — April 28, 1999

A St. Louis Fed Perspective on Long-Term Economic Growth — Remarks before the National Association of Manufacturers, Board of Directors Meeting, Tucson, Ariz. — April 16, 1999

Monetary Policy Rules? — The Jeffrey and Kathryn Cole Honors College Lecture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Mich. — March 16, 1999

What Is the Fed Doing in the Education Business? — Remarks before the Academy of Economics & Finance, Little Rock — Feb. 12, 1999

The U.S. Credit Markets: Is the Trauma Over? — Remarks before the St. Louis Society of Financial Analysts, St. Louis — Jan. 21, 1999

The Structure of Our Changing Banking Industry: Let the Market Decide — Remarks before the Missouri Bankers Association, Acapulco, Mexico — Jan. 12, 1999

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1998

That Mysterious FOMC — Remarks before a meeting of The Economic Club of Memphis, Memphis — Dec. 3, 1998

Whither the U.S. Credit Markets? — Remarks before a meeting of the Construction Financial Managers Association, co-sponsored by the Associated Builders and Contractors and the Builders Exchange, Louisville — Oct. 26, 1998 NOTE: This speech is similar in topic to one delivered by Mr. Poole at St. Louis University on Oct. 20, 1998, which was titled "A Perspective on Credit Markets Today."

Is Inflation Too Low? — Remarks prepared for 16th Annual Monetary Conference, Cato Institute, Washington, D.C. — Oct. 22, 1998

A Policymaker Confronts Uncertainty — Presented to the St. Louis Gateway Chapter, National Association for Business Economics, St. Louis — Sept. 16, 1998

Economic Growth: Is the Fed Irrelevant? — Presented to the St. Louis Regional Commerce and Growth Association, Leadership Circle — July 15, 1998

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